Instead, they fought for local, state and national historic designation and revitalized their urban setting. The Pullman community avoided the destruction of urban renewal. These plans led to repeated boondoggles that failed to help the struggling city. Gary city officials used traditional urban renewal tactics of slum clearance and rebuilding. After decades of neglect these areas sought different urban redevelopment plans to fix their environments.
Within years of their founding each area reproduced the negative physical and social environment the model town concept was meant to protect against. These communities were founded under the proposed humanitarian ideals of the model town concept, which was supposed to offer ideal living and employment conditions for working class Americans. This thesis compares and contrasts urban renewal and revitalization strategies in Gary, Indiana and Pullman, Illinois over the past century.
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